Green Ships: Alternative Solutions

Mothballing

Mothballing (indefinitely stored, expensive maintenance, difficult to afford, environmental concerns make unattractive option) (collection of naval vessels of all types that are fully equipped for service but are not currently needed, and thus partially or fully decommissioned) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reserve_fleet#Environmental_concerns. (Dodds)

Dry Docking

Dry docking-High cost of $800,000 per vessel, Decom’ed ships can be sunk to form artificial reefs-costly due to cleaning and all environmental hazards to be removed prior to sinking. (Dodds). Shipyards and harbors, where vessels are dry-docked for repairing and repainting, risk of polluting water bodies is particularly high and demands high quality waste management. (Gipperth)

Relocate Toxic Sediments

Preferred method is to relocate the toxic sediments. (Stichnothe)

Electrochemical Process

Aim of electrochemical process is to decompose TBT. (Stichnothe)

Scraping

Washing, scraping, and repainting of boat hulls may also cause harmful health effects on shipyard workers. (Gipperth)

Alternate Paints

Could use other paints, however, most still contain a biocide which makes it ineffective. Also, the cost of using other compounds or metals is considerably more expensive. (Gipperth) Higher cost of using alternative paints is not only due to high cost of paint itself but less effective antifouling paint requires more frequent repainting and hull cleanings and may increase fuel consumption, followed by loss in trading revenue while ships are dry-docked. (Gipperth)